Geography of India & Telangana

Physical, social and economic geography of India and Telangana — a high-yield quick reference for competitive exams.

Feature	Details
Highest peak (in India)	K2 / Godwin-Austen (~8,611 m), Karakoram Range
Major mountain system	The Himalayas (young fold mountains)
Largest plateau	Deccan Plateau (Peninsular India)
Largest desert	Thar Desert (Rajasthan)
Longest river	Ganga (~2,525 km)
Longest coastline (state)	Gujarat
Standard Meridian of India	82°30′ E (passes near Mirzapur, UP)
Tropic of Cancer	Passes through 8 Indian states

Aspect	Details
Major food crops	Rice, Wheat, Pulses, Millets
Major cash crops	Sugarcane, Cotton, Jute, Tea, Coffee
Green Revolution	Boosted wheat & rice output (esp. Punjab, Haryana, UP)
Key minerals	Coal, Iron ore, Bauxite (Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh belt)
Major industrial regions	Mumbai-Pune, Chotanagpur, Ahmedabad, Chennai-Bengaluru

Feature	Details
Formation	2 June 2014 (29th state of India)
Capital	Hyderabad
Location	On the Deccan Plateau, in south-central India
Bordering states	Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh
Major rivers	Godavari & Krishna (tributaries: Musi, Manjira, Bhima)
Highest point	Doli Gutta (~965 m)
Climate	Mostly semi-arid; hot summers, moderate rainfall
Major crops	Rice (paddy), Cotton, Maize, Turmeric
Major irrigation projects	Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation, Nagarjuna Sagar, Sriram Sagar